Unesa.ac.id. SURABAYA—The Covid-19 pandemic has taught us many things about the importance of maintaining health and preventing transmission of the virus. Therefore, the recent increase in Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) sufferers must be watched out for, but don't panic.
HMPV is often overlooked, even though its impact on children, especially those under five years old, is quite significant. Lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine (FK) Unesa, dr. Fiona Paramitha, Sp.A, said, HMPV is a virus that causes acute respiratory infections.
The symptoms are similar to the common cold, but in certain children, this infection can lead to serious illnesses such as bronchiolitis or pneumonia.
Several sources said, he continued, it is feared that the HMPV virus could increase poses a threat to health, because it spreads so quickly.
This virus attacks the upper and lower respiratory tract. Children, especially those with conditions such as malnutrition or chronic diseases, are the group most vulnerable to the impact.
“In mild cases, the symptoms of HMPV only include a runny nose, cough or mild fever. "However, in severe cases, children can experience shortness of breath, wheezing, and even respiratory failure," he explained.
This virus is also often found together with RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), and both are the cause of many cases of lower respiratory tract infections in children in Indonesia.
The most common transmission occurs through droplets, namely fluid splashes from the cough or sneeze of an infected person.
In addition, the virus can also spread through direct contact with contaminated objects, such as toys, doorknobs, or tables, which are then touched by the child's mouth, nose, or eyes.
Crowded environments, such as daycares, schools or hospitals, are frequent locations for spread. "Children in crowded places are more easily infected, because they often share toys or come into contact with their friends," he added.
Regarding diagnosis, HMPV requires a special examination considering that the symptoms are similar to flu or other respiratory tract infections . Examination with RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction) is considered the most sensitive and specific method for detecting this virus, using nasopharyngeal swab samples.
Apart from that, there are also rapid antigen tests, immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and serology, although their use is more limited. According to him, PCR examination remains the best option to confirm HMPV infection, especially if the symptoms are severe.
Even though there is no vaccine or specific drug for HMPV, prevention is the key to protecting children. The lecturer who was born in the City of Heroes emphasized the importance of maintaining cleanliness and increasing children's immune system.
When at home, parents can teach children to wash their hands with soap for at least 20 seconds.
"Children also need to be taught to keep toys and frequently touched surfaces clean, as well as teach them correct cough etiquette," he added.
Isolating sick family members and reducing close contact with children is also very important.
Outside the home, parents are advised to reduce children's exposure to crowded places, especially during the respiratory tract infection season, as well as ensure children get adequate nutrition to support their immunity.
“There's no need to panic, but don't take it for granted. "With proper education and preventive measures, we can protect children from potentially serious infections," he concluded.[*]
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Reporter: Muhammad Dian Purnama (FMIPA )
Editor: @zam*
Photo/illustration: drfuenteshernandez/pixabay.com
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